In onderstaande tabellen staan per bedrijfstype de gevoeligheidspatronen van de meest gekweekte bacteriën in 2021 en voorgaande jaren. De per bacterie weergegeven antibiotica zijn zoveel mogelijk gebaseerd op het Formularium Melkvee en het Formularium Vleeskalveren en Vleesvee van de KNMvD; deels betreft het de geteste antibiotica, deels antibiotica waarvan bekend is dat deze kruisresistentie vertonen met het geteste antibioticum.
Via onderstaande link kunt u aanvullende informatie raadplegen over de gevoeligheidspatronen van de isolaten uit 2021 en voorgaande jaren.
PDF met informatie gevoeligheidspatronen
Tabel 1: Percentage antibioticumresistente bacteriën geïsoleerd uit sectiemateriaal en niet-sectiemateriaal van dieren van melkveebedrijven, 2017 tot en met 2021. Het percentage intermediair-gevoelige isolaten is toegevoegd tussen haakjes, indien ≥5 procent. Het aantal isolaten dat is vermeld, betreft het totaal aantal aangeboden isolaten van een bacterie, maar niet altijd zijn alle aangeboden isolaten getest op gevoeligheid voor alle bij de betreffende bacterie genoemde antibiotica (bron: GD-LIMS).
Bacterie |
|
2021 |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
Escherichia coli F5 (=K99) |
Aantal isolaten |
31 |
23 |
35 |
63 |
102 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline |
84 |
87 |
83 |
86 |
88 |
|
Apramycine |
6 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
|
Colistine |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
39 |
35 |
29 |
48 |
66 |
|
Florfenicol |
65 (35) |
78 (22) |
57 (43) |
67 (33) |
80 (19) |
|
Fluméquine |
39 |
35 |
29 |
48 |
66 |
|
Gentamicine |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Neomycine/Paromomycine |
48 |
48 |
54 |
65 |
51 |
|
Oxytetracycline/Tetracycline |
84 |
74 |
83 |
75 |
80 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
68 |
74 |
68 |
81 |
82 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Escherichia coli |
Aantal isolaten |
282 |
255 |
190 |
176 |
171 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline |
48 |
47 |
47 |
54 |
47 |
|
Apramycine |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
1 / 2 |
1 |
1 / 2 |
2 |
0,4 / 1 |
|
Colistine |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
3 |
1 |
6 |
4 |
7 |
|
Florfenicol |
58 (40) |
62 (35) |
53 (44) |
59 (39) |
63 (33) |
|
Fluméquine |
4 |
2 |
10 (5) |
6 |
11 (5) |
|
Gentamicine |
4 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
0,4 |
|
Neomycine/Paromomycine |
21 |
16 |
24 |
23 |
20 |
|
Oxytetracycline/Tetracycline |
52 |
46 |
54 |
56 |
51 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
45 |
45 |
46 |
56 |
46 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salmonella Dublin |
Aantal isolaten |
54 |
77 |
60 |
76 |
91 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline |
4 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
|
Apramycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Oxytetracycline |
7 |
5 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
|
Colistine |
2 (83) |
0 (83) |
0 (89) |
1 (81) |
1 (73) |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
7 (63) |
7 (78) |
5 (44) |
3 (81) |
2 (79) |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Gentamicine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Neomycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salmonella Typhimurium |
Aantal isolaten |
88 |
74 |
71 |
99 |
68 |
|
Amoxicilline |
66 |
60 |
58 |
77 |
62 |
|
Apramycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Chloor-/Oxytetracycline |
54 |
47 (7) |
63 |
76 |
69 |
|
Colistine |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
24 (74) |
35 (65) |
14 (82) |
24 (76) |
43 (54) |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
4 |
0 |
2 (5) |
0 |
|
Gentamicine |
19 |
8 |
6 |
6 |
10 |
|
Neomycine |
7 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
9 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
23 |
43 |
49 |
60 |
31 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salmonella groep B |
Aantal isolaten |
37 |
46 |
51 |
48 |
55 |
|
Amoxicilline |
70 |
65 |
71 |
83 |
69 |
|
Apramycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
Chloor-/Oxytetracycline |
57 |
70 |
73 |
83 |
84 |
|
Colistine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
16 (84) |
44 (57) |
18 (80) |
46 (60) |
40 (60) |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 (6) |
0 |
|
Gentamicine |
6 |
4 |
4 |
25 |
15 |
|
Neomycine |
3 |
11 |
2 |
31 |
20 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
8 |
30 |
18 |
54 |
44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salmonella speciesa |
Aantal isolaten |
56 |
46 |
48 |
23 |
34 |
|
Amoxicilline |
0 |
2 |
4 |
0 |
3 |
|
Apramycine |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Chloor-/Oxytetracycline |
0 |
9 |
4 |
0 |
6 |
|
Colistine |
0 |
2 |
0 (6) |
0 |
0 (12) |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
7 (87) |
15 (78) |
2 (92) |
13 (83) |
12 (68) |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Gentamicine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Neomycine |
0 |
2 |
0 |
4 |
3 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
7 |
4 |
4 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mannheimia haemolytica |
Aantal isolaten |
66 |
76 |
74 |
59 |
83 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline/
Benzylpenicilline |
12 (6) |
4 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
|
Chloortetracycline/Doxycycline/
Oxytetracycline |
26 |
9 |
16 (5) |
10 (7) |
1 (12) |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
32 |
22 |
23 |
27 |
31 |
|
Danofloxacine/Difloxacine/
Enrofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
0 |
0 |
5 |
2 |
5 |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|
Gamithromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gentamicine |
15 |
7 |
5 |
5 |
8 |
|
Neomycine |
0 (6) |
0 (5) |
0 |
2 |
2 (8) |
|
Tilmicosine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
|
Tulathromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pasteurella multocida |
Aantal isolaten |
66 |
70 |
75 |
75 |
86 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline/
Benzylpenicilline |
3 (17) |
2 |
0 |
0,4 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 / 3 |
2 |
1 |
2 / 3 |
0 |
|
Chloortetracycline/Doxycycline/
Oxytetracycline |
20 (5) |
13 (18) |
11 (12) |
5 (15) |
4 (6) |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
30 (12) |
31 (7) |
26 (23) |
24 (9) |
16 (27) |
|
Danofloxacine/Difloxacine/
Enrofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Gamithromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gentamicine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Neomycine |
27 |
21 |
19 |
19 |
14 |
|
Tilmicosine |
0 (5) |
4 |
5 |
3 |
0 |
|
Tulathromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mycoplasma species |
Aantal isolaten |
15 |
14 |
8 |
12 |
30 |
|
Danofloxacine |
20 |
28 |
14b |
42b |
30b |
|
Enrofloxacine |
20 |
21 (7) |
38 |
33 (17) |
21 (28) |
|
Florfenicol |
0 (26) |
7 (36) |
0 (25) |
0 (34) |
3 (30) |
|
Oxytetracycline |
0 (20) |
7 (28) |
0 (25) |
33 (17) |
20 (23) |
|
Spectinomycine |
7 |
14 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
|
Tilmicosine |
93 |
86 |
88 |
50 |
43 |
|
Tulathromycine |
7 |
28 |
13 |
8 |
7 |
|
Tylosine |
87 |
78 |
88 |
50 |
43 |
a Overige Salmonella typen en Salmonella-isolaten die niet nader zijn ge(sero)typeerd; |
|
|
|
|
|
b Percentage isolaten intermediair-gevoelig en ongevoelig voor danofloxacine tezamen. |
|
|
|
|
|
Tabel 2: Percentage antibioticumresistente bacteriën geïsoleerd uit sectiemateriaal en niet-sectiemateriaal van dieren van niet-melkleverende bedrijven, 2017 tot en met 2021. Het percentage intermediair-gevoelige isolaten is toegevoegd tussen haakjes, indien ≥ 5 procent. Het aantal isolaten dat is vermeld, betreft het totaal aantal aangeboden isolaten van een bacterie, maar niet altijd zijn alle aangeboden isolaten getest op gevoeligheid voor alle bij de betreffende bacterie genoemde antibiotica (bron: GD-LIMS).
Bacterie |
|
2021 |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
Escherichia coli |
Aantal isolaten |
163 |
122 |
108 |
124 |
121 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline |
61 |
72 |
66 |
72 |
64 |
|
Apramycine |
1 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
7 / 9 |
10 |
7 / 8 |
7 / 6 |
7 |
|
Colistine |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0,3 |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
10 |
8 |
10 |
14 |
20 |
|
Florfenicol |
69 (29) |
78 (22) |
54 (45) |
77 (21) |
80 (20) |
|
Fluméquine |
12 (9) |
17 (11) |
16 (10) |
17 (12) |
28 (10) |
|
Gentamicine |
9 (7) |
9 |
9 (6) |
8 (11) |
14 (9) |
|
Neomycine/Paromomycine |
33 |
30 |
23 |
24 |
37 |
|
Oxytetracycline/Tetracycline |
74 |
85 |
77 |
85 |
83 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
55 |
61 |
58 |
67 |
64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salmonella Dublin |
Aantal isolaten |
31 |
38 |
49 |
44 |
58 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline |
13 |
10 |
12 |
9 |
26 |
|
Apramycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Oxytetracycline |
6 |
8 |
14 |
12 |
31 |
|
Colistine |
3 (84) |
0 (79) |
0 (78) |
0 (75) |
0 (66) |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
23 (52) |
16 (63) |
22 (47) |
12 (75) |
29 (53) |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
|
Gentamicine |
3 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
22 |
|
Neomycine |
3 |
3 |
10 |
2 |
7 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
16 |
5 |
8 |
5 |
28 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salmonella Typhimurium |
Aantal isolaten |
69 |
40 |
45 |
87 |
84 |
|
Amoxicilline |
77 |
53 |
57 |
38 |
51 |
|
Apramycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Chloor-/Oxytetracycline |
96 |
73 |
100 |
92 |
95 |
|
Colistine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
1 |
|
Florfenicol |
78 (22) |
60 (40) |
48 (50) |
26 (72) |
44 (55) |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
0 |
9 |
0,4 |
1 |
|
Gentamicine |
74 |
32 (5) |
38 |
9 |
29 (6) |
|
Neomycine |
3 |
8 |
0 |
4 |
1 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
3 |
17 |
13 |
10 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Salmonella groep B |
Aantal isolaten |
8 |
23 |
14 |
35 |
16 |
|
Amoxicilline |
88 |
87 |
93 |
83 |
100 |
|
Apramycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Chloor-/Oxytetracycline |
75 |
87 |
86 |
92 |
100 |
|
Colistine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Enrofloxacine/Danofloxacine/
Difloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
88 (12) |
78 (22) |
86 (14) |
63 (37) |
75 (25) |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
4 |
0 (7) |
3 |
0 |
|
Gentamicine |
62 |
43 |
64 |
29 |
56 |
|
Neomycine |
50 |
30 |
7 |
14 |
25 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
62 |
56 |
14 |
46 |
63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mannheimia haemolytica |
Aantal isolaten |
168 |
172 |
199 |
221 |
230 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline/
Benzylpenicilline |
11 (12) |
8 |
11 |
15 |
10 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0,4 / 0 |
|
Chloortetracycline/Doxycycline/
Oxytetracycline |
57 (16) |
55 (20) |
53 (29) |
35 (41) |
9 (39) |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
71 |
79 |
76 (5) |
77 |
91 |
|
Danofloxacine/Difloxacine/
Enrofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
5 |
|
Fluméquine |
0 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
6 |
|
Gamithromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gentamicine |
9 |
8 |
7 |
15 |
16 |
|
Neomycine |
5 |
5 (5) |
8 (6) |
3 (8) |
3 (7) |
|
Tilmicosine |
6 |
11 |
9 (7) |
9 |
5 |
|
Tulathromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
4 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0,4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pasteurella multocida |
Aantal isolaten |
98 |
111 |
112 |
128 |
198 |
|
Amoxicilline/Ampicilline/
Benzylpenicilline |
9 (28) |
3 |
0 |
5 |
4 |
|
Ceftiofur/Cefquinome |
6 / 0 |
0 |
0 / 1 |
0 / 3 |
6 / 9 |
|
Chloortetracycline/Doxycycline/
Oxytetracycline |
81 |
69 (9) |
65 (15) |
62 (13) |
47 (20) |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
85 |
77 (7) |
79 |
83 |
86 |
|
Danofloxacine/Difloxacine/
Enrofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
|
Florfenicol |
4 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
|
Fluméquine |
2 |
6 (9) |
3 (11) |
7 (6) |
1 (11) |
|
Gamithromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gentamicine |
3 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
|
Neomycine |
54 |
47 |
42 |
38 |
37 |
|
Tilmicosine |
46 (5) |
41 |
49 |
50 |
40 (8) |
|
Tulathromycine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
2 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mycoplasma species |
Aantal isolaten |
14 |
13 |
12 |
67 |
92 |
|
Danofloxacine |
0 |
34 |
16b |
33b |
50b |
|
Enrofloxacine |
0 |
8 (23) |
17 (17) |
17 (20) |
47 (12) |
|
Florfenicol |
7 (7) |
15 (23) |
8 (17) |
3 (35) |
7 (25) |
|
Oxytetracycline |
0 |
8 (39) |
17 (17) |
24 (30) |
51 (29) |
|
Spectinomycine |
0 |
8 |
17 |
1 |
3 |
|
Tilmicosine |
93 |
85 |
83 (8) |
80 |
62 |
|
Tulathromycine |
14 (7) |
31 (8) |
25 |
1 |
10 |
|
Tylosine |
93 |
85 |
83 |
79 |
54 |
a Overige Salmonella typen en Salmonella-isolaten die niet nader zijn ge(sero)typeerd; |
|
|
|
|
|
b Percentage isolaten intermediair-gevoelig en ongevoelig voor danofloxacine tezamen. |
|
|
|
|
|
Tabel 3: Mastitisverwekkers, percentage antibioticumresistente bacteriën geïsoleerd uit melk, 2017 tot en met 2021. Het percentage intermediair-gevoelige isolaten is toegevoegd tussen haakjes, indien ≥5 procent. Het aantal isolaten dat is vermeld, betreft het totaal aantal aangeboden isolaten van een bacterie, maar niet altijd zijn alle aangeboden isolaten getest op gevoeligheid voor alle bij de betreffende bacterie genoemde antibiotica (bron: GD-LIMS).
Bacterie |
|
2021 |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
Staphylococcus aureus |
Aantal isolaten |
357 |
474 |
496 |
715 |
817 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/
Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0,4 |
1 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
11 |
5 |
8 |
9 |
4 |
|
Cefalexine |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0,4 |
1 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
2 |
2 |
2 |
0,4 |
1 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0,3 |
1 |
1 |
0,5 |
1 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
5 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0,1 |
|
Kanamycine |
0,3 |
1 |
1 |
0,2 |
1 |
|
Lincomycine |
5 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
0,1 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0,3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Coagulase-negatieve Staphylococcus |
Aantal isolaten |
258 |
347 |
363 |
385 |
433 |
(niet-aureus Staphylococcus) |
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/
Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
7 |
5 |
17 |
10 |
10 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
34 |
34 |
41 |
43 |
42 |
|
Cefalexine |
7 |
5 |
17 |
10 |
10 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
7 |
5 |
17 |
10 |
10 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
3 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
8 |
9 (5) |
6 (5) |
10 |
5 |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0,2 |
1 |
|
Lincomycine |
26 |
21 |
21 |
14 |
12 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0,2 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
4 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Streptococcus agalactiae |
Aantal isolaten |
10 |
22 |
10 |
9 |
35 |
|
Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline/
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Cefalexine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 (11) |
0 |
|
Lincomycine |
0 |
5 |
10 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Streptococcus dysgalactiae |
Aantal isolaten |
178 |
267 |
241 |
301 |
292 |
|
Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline/
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0,1 |
0,1 |
|
Cefalexine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0,1 |
0,1 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
4 |
5 |
7 |
7 |
4 |
|
Lincomycine |
8 |
11 |
12 |
6 |
7 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Streptococcus uberis |
Aantal isolaten |
583 |
700 |
526 |
535 |
682 |
|
Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
0,3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0,1 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline/
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
0 |
0 (9) |
0 (12) |
0,4 (14) |
0,1 (6) |
|
Cefalexine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0,4 (14) |
0,1 (6) |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
6 |
6 |
8 |
14 |
7 |
|
Lincomycine |
24 |
22 |
23 |
34 |
29 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
1 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Escherichia coli |
Aantal isolaten |
641 |
807 |
822 |
846 |
1030 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
0,2 |
0 |
0 |
0,1 |
0,3 |
|
Ampicilline |
12 |
12 |
7 |
9 |
7 |
|
Cefalexine |
12 |
12 |
7 |
9 |
7 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0,2 |
0 |
0 |
0,1 |
0,3 |
|
Danofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0,4 |
1 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
9 |
13 |
9 |
10 |
8 |
|
Kanamycine |
4 |
4 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
3 |
3 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
9 |
11 |
8 |
7 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Klebsiella species |
Aantal isolaten |
127 |
89 |
153 |
187 |
144 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ampicilline |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
|
Cefalexine |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Danofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
4 (5) |
6 (7) |
6 |
8 (6) |
8 |
|
Kanamycine |
0,2 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0,2 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Citrobacter species |
Aantal isolaten |
8 |
7 |
10 |
17 |
16 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
0 |
14 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
|
Ampicilline |
88 (13) |
100 |
50 (20) |
59 (24) |
81 (13) |
|
Cefalexine |
88 (13) |
100 |
50 (20) |
59 (24) |
81 (13) |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0 |
14 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
|
Danofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
12 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Enterobacter cloacae |
Aantal isolaten |
5 |
15 |
20 |
17 |
25 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
0 |
27 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
|
Ampicilline |
100 |
87 (7) |
100 |
100 |
96 |
|
Cefalexine |
100 |
87 (7) |
100 |
100 |
96 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0 |
27 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
|
Danofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
27 (7) |
10 (5) |
0 (6) |
0 (8) |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
27 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
27 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
7 |
0 |
6 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Enterobacter species |
Aantal isolaten |
7 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
2 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Ampicilline |
100 |
- |
100 |
100 |
100 |
|
Cefalexine |
100 |
- |
100 |
100 |
100 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Danofloxacine/Marbofloxacine |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Enterococcus species |
Aantal isolaten |
65 |
85 |
96 |
68 |
68 |
|
Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
58 |
64 |
59 |
56 |
47 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline/
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
2 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
9 |
|
Cefalexine |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
100 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
52 (8) |
10 (30) |
10 (37) |
1 (28) |
3 (26) |
|
Lincomycine |
22 (22) |
44 (18) |
35 (18) |
79 (9) |
25 (21) |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
2 |
2 |
8 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lactococcus species |
Aantal isolaten |
44 |
38 |
30 |
34 |
48 |
|
Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
48 |
37 |
57 |
44 |
50 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline/
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur |
2 (89) |
0 (95) |
3 (90) |
3 (94) |
0 (87) |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Lincomycine |
66 |
53 |
54 |
56 (7) |
46 (13) |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
29 |
37 |
27 |
38 |
17 |
Tabel 4: Coagulase-negatieve Staphylococcus (CNS) soorten, percentage antibioticumresistente CNS soorten geïsoleerd uit melk, 2017 tot en met 2021. Het percentage intermediair-gevoelige isolaten is toegevoegd tussen haakjes, indien ≥5 procent. Het aantal isolaten dat is vermeld, betreft het totaal aantal aangeboden isolaten van een bacterie, maar niet altijd zijn alle aangeboden isolaten getest op gevoeligheid voor alle bij de betreffende bacterie genoemde antibiotica (bron: GD-LIMS).
Bacterie |
|
2021 |
2020 |
2019 |
2018 |
2017 |
Staphylococcus chromogenes |
Aantal isolaten |
37 |
67 |
66 |
70 |
69 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
16 |
15 |
18 |
19 |
16 |
|
Cefalexine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
11 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Lincomycine |
11 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
3 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staphylococcus cohnii |
Aantal isolaten |
2 |
1 |
3 |
- |
- |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
50 |
100 |
67 |
|
|
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
50 |
100 |
67 |
|
|
|
Cefalexine |
50 |
100 |
67 |
|
|
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
50 |
100 |
67 |
|
|
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
50 |
0 |
67 |
|
|
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
50 |
0 |
67 |
|
|
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Lincomycine |
50 |
0 |
67 |
|
|
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staphylococcus epidermidis |
Aantal isolaten |
43 |
53 |
57 |
60 |
67 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
16 |
11 |
9 |
10 |
9 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
62 |
70 |
62 |
71 |
57 |
|
Cefalexine |
16 |
11 |
9 |
10 |
9 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
16 |
11 |
9 |
10 |
9 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
5 |
8 |
4 |
7 |
13 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
5 |
6 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
|
Kanamycine |
2 |
6 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
Lincomycine |
5 |
6 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
7 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staphylococcus equorum |
Aantal isolaten |
18 |
20 |
28 |
32 |
38 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
0 |
5 |
14 |
0 |
13 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
11 |
15 |
14 |
32 |
45 |
|
Cefalexine |
0 |
5 |
14 |
0 |
13 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0 |
5 |
14 |
0 |
13 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
0 (5) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
50 (28) |
60 (25) |
46 (39) |
59 (25) |
45 (26) |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Lincomycine |
50 (28) |
45 (25) |
43 (22) |
56 (16) |
42 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staphylococcus haemolyticus |
Aantal isolaten |
61 |
91 |
92 |
92 |
106 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
7 |
2 |
18 |
9 |
6 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
36 |
26 |
42 |
32 |
36 |
|
Cefalexine |
7 |
2 |
18 |
9 |
6 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
7 |
2 |
18 |
9 |
6 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
2 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
|
Lincomycine |
3 |
6 |
6 |
2 |
4 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
12 |
9 |
5 |
13 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staphylococcus sciuri |
Aantal isolaten |
19 |
14 |
21 |
26 |
26 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
5 |
28 |
38 |
19 |
38 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
11 |
28 |
48 |
37 |
46 |
|
Cefalexine |
5 |
28 |
38 |
19 |
38 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
5 |
28 |
38 |
19 |
38 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
8 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
0 |
7 (7) |
0 |
4 |
0 |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Lincomycine |
100 |
100 |
100 |
96 |
100 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staphylococcus simulans |
Aantal isolaten |
15 |
24 |
12 |
13 |
21 |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
0 |
0 |
8 |
8 |
0 |
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
0 |
4 |
17 |
23 |
5 |
|
Cefalexine |
0 |
0 |
8 |
8 |
0 |
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
8 |
8 |
0 |
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 (13) |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
0 |
0 (7) |
0 |
0 (8) |
0 |
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Lincomycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 (8) |
0 |
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Staphylococcus xylosus |
Aantal isolaten |
29 |
37 |
34 |
- |
- |
|
Amoxicilline+clavulaanzuur/Cloxacilline/Nafcilline |
0 |
0 |
41 |
|
|
|
Ampicilline/(Benzyl)penicilline |
27 |
35 |
71 |
|
|
|
Cefalexine |
0 |
0 |
41 |
|
|
|
Cefoperazone/Cefquinome |
0 |
0 |
41 |
|
|
|
Dihydrostreptomycine |
0 |
0 |
3 |
|
|
|
Erythromycine/Tylosine |
0 |
11 |
9 (9) |
|
|
|
Kanamycine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Lincomycine |
100 |
97 |
100 |
|
|
|
Neomycine/Framycetine |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
Trimethoprim-sulfonamiden |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|